About Connection Strings

Database connection strings are URI-formatted strings that contain information needed to establish a connection to a database. They typically include:

• Protocol: The database type (postgresql://, mysql://, mongodb://, etc.)
• Authentication: Username and password for database access
• Host and Port: Where the database server is located
• Database Name: The specific database to connect to
• Parameters: Additional connection options (SSL, timeouts, pooling, etc.)

Common Formats

Standard URI Format

protocol://username:password@host:port/database?param1=value1¶m2=value2

JDBC Format

jdbc:protocol://host:port/database

SQLAlchemy Format

protocol+driver://username:password@host:port/database

Security Best Practices

• Never Hardcode Credentials: Use environment variables or secure vaults
• Use SSL/TLS: Enable encrypted connections in production
• Restrict Access: Use firewall rules and IP whitelisting
• Rotate Passwords: Change credentials regularly
• Minimal Privileges: Grant only necessary permissions

Default Ports

Database	Default Port
PostgreSQL	5432
MySQL / MariaDB	3306
MongoDB	27017
SQL Server	1433
Redis	6379
Oracle	1521